Tuesday, June 4, 2013


A programming language is a computer language programmers use to develop applications, writing, or other set of orders for a computer to complete.The word programming language generally submits to high-level languages, such as C, C++, COBOL, FORTRAN, and Pascal. Every language has a single set of keywords that mean words that it understands and a special language rules for put in order program information. Some top programming languages such as

·         Java
·         C
·         C++
·         PHP
·         VB ( or Visual Basic )
·         Python
·         C#
·         JavaScript
·         Perl
·         Ruby


Java


It is using for compiler and it is most popular language. This language has be real on top of the TIOBE Programming society file. Java is the number one programming language today for many reasons and it is good organization with a strong library of reusable software works. One feature of Java that makes it popular is its Java Virtual Machine (JVM) that creates software developed in Java run on any other operating system. Java has very rich re usable libraries and components that you will not locate in other programming  languages. And it is Object oriented programming language (OOP). And this language developer are very dement.
Advantage of using java program language

·         Programs printed in Java can run on many different computer designer and operating systems because of the use of the JVM (Java virtual machine)
·         This is submit to as code moveable or even write one time, run wherever


Importance of java

This language is middle for any non Microsoft developer, any developer who focuses on the non-.NET knowledge. It is mostly derived from C and C++ but has a more basic object model. And it is most popular programming languages.

Factors to consider when selecting a programming language

Status: This is a very important one. You are additional possible to find people to work together with if you use a accepted language. You are also more possible to find location subject and other help. Unluckily, the most accepted language worldwide may not be a good match for your trouble area.

Language area equal: decide one that equal your problem area. You can do this by appear at what other people in your ground are using by looking at some code that explain problems you are expected to have and as how usual the plan.

Accessibility of libraries: a few would fight but I don't think so. If there's a library that answers your problem well, you will put up with some ugly passion meeting or bother in the language.

Good organization: Languages aren't quick compilers are professional. Appear at the good quality organization of compilers or analyst for your language. Be alert that take code will run an order of size slower than collect code.

Development amount: Do you want to be programming in the large or programming in the small? Choose a language that supports your use box.
Tool maintain: status usually get tool support and some languages are easy to mark tools. If you are a tool oriented user, choose a language with good tool support. Just read this article on tool maven’s vs. language before you make a selection.

Use these factors:

1.    Personal information
2.    Available working out program
3.    Development location
4.    Goal system
5.    Emulation tools
6.    Operating System Platform
7.    Network model location for testing
8.    User or computer unit environment
9.    Development program
10.  Project support levels
11.  Qualifications
12.  Every other platform
13.  Transportability of code
14.  Access through code review management tools
15.  Software justification tools

Factors to consider

Here isn't just one factor to believe about when choosing a programming language. Used for example, as developing a active web page, you might consider Java Server Pages (JSP)/serves as the best choice, and others might prefer using PHP or a similar scripting language. No only language is the most excellent choice. While you might give first choice to sure factors, such as routine and safety in project use, other factors, such as less shape of code, might be junior right of way. There's always some exchange.

Selecting the right programming language can give in answer that are brief, easy to correct, easy to make longer, easy to document, and easy to join. issue to believe when selecting a programming language are:

    -The targeted platform
    -The suppleness of a language
    -The time to making
    -The show
    -The support and community
Procedural character

There is abundance of technical characteristics with which to evaluate programming languages how many key words, maximum length of identifier, type checking services, polymorphism, principal, and so on. It is almost infinitely confusing. In its place, I suggest that you meeting point on the next link reason, which are centered on effect

·         Easy to learning
·         Ease of understanding
·         Speed of development
·         Help correct code
·         Performance of compiled code
·         Supported platform environments
·         Portability

Easy to learning

Without a doubt the easy that the programming language is to study, the earlier that programmers become useful. Java is a lot easy to learn than C++; C is most likely even easy. But you find out once and program for a long time, so that no difficulty of learning is of only damaged cost.

Regarding the most difficult language to learn that I know is C++. One of the strange things about C++ is that the language is so difficult and flexible that you develop your own style and work typically within a separation of the language. It is most likely the same for all languages but the time that is in use in steps two and three is much shorter in languages that are not as profuse in features as C++.

Ease of Understanding

Mainly code is written one time and read many time generally, to focus on a particular point (for example, to fix a virus). So, it is important that the person who reads quickly take hold of the real meaning of what’s happening. You have to read many lines of code to get wherever. in its place of procedure calls, and that means that the logic and the data are miles separately. C does not have this problem but C can still be hard to understand. This is in part the error of the language. For example, I always have to think twice to remember that.

Speed of development

If you look at speed of development in the around, you must think not only how long it takes you to write code, but also how long it takes you to find a answer to the problem at hand and find the virus. factor other than the programming language for example, platform facilities, development tools, experience and skill of the programmers, and testing command are so important that it is hard to join down any difference in development speed that is in fact suitable to use of different programming languages. For example, a quick calculation will show you that the physical work of typing code makes just about no difference to the speed of development.

Help correct code

The perfect programming language should roll logic errors into syntax errors. A powerful means to this end is type checking. Most standard languages, such as Java and COBOL, have good type checking. But some languages have a run away section. An example is C++, in which you can change the type of a hand.

Performance of compiled code

These days show is as much an architectural subject as a programming question. Thoughts of routine problems about which I have listen to over the last five years, there was one that used a work flood tool for all of its application reason. It used far too many I/Os. There was another that did not improve its network when it moved from old created terminal to a Web border. And there was one more that had a program that would supply batter to explore, but, every now and then, clear its supply and break up to a halt revolution it.

I remember a new box in which bad performance came down to useless system making by the compiler. Even with a games program that is processor clear the chances are that a large take of the processing is going near drawing the screen. That, in turn, means that performance comes down as much too how you use the graphics card as how the compiler generates code. Of course, huge, number moment of truth programs will be exclusion but, even there, only a small part of a large program is performance important.

Supported Platform Environments

Through platform environment, I mean not only the O/S facilities, but also the center ware facilities, database facilities, and system management facilities. Plainly, the more services that you have, the more work that has before now be there done for you though, there is a problem. Accepting the platform facilities to the level that you can use them intelligently is more difficult, in my view, and takes longer than understanding the programming language. Also, I find that I use a facility, make it work, and move on. I do not return to the subject for months or years. The outcome of this is that I am much more dependent on documentation.

Portability

Mainly accepted languages have been even by a no seller organization. The want is double to decrease retraining needs and improve portability. However, portability has been found to be very difficult. The standards remains have succeeded in making differences of syntax a quite small problem, but that only covers the part of the language that is even. Most languages are dependent on hardware constraints in some form, such as defining the maximum value that an integer can take. The dependency between code and platform can be fixed and hard to work loose.

Some programming languages

C

C programs should be specially assembled for computers with different architectures and operating systems. This helps make them brightness fast. And C is a quite old language. It is still generally used for system programming, writing other programming languages, and in fixed systems.
C++

C++ is a compiled. It effort to be back area friendly with C and brings object-orientation, which helps in better projects. Even withitstime, C++ is used to create aopencollection of applications from games to office puts.It was early meant to be an update for C language but later became accepted and today C++ has been used to develop most business applications, system software’s.C++ has the same speed part as in C language although one challenge is that many programmers may view it as an old language.

PHP
 


At first it was not even a real programming language, but over time it finally produces into a completely feature object oriented programming language. Although PHP has been much criticizes in the past for being a bit poor and anxious, it's been beautiful good since version 5 came out in 2004. It's hard to fight with success.

Visual Basic is an take to mean, It has be developing over the years and is make out as a express child of Microsoft's old BASIC from the 1970's. Visual Basic is a good language for scripting Windows applications that do not need the power and speed of C#.

Python

One of the accepted programming languages in blur computing is Python. Python is a common purpose language with usage in much business and has be used in Web and darken applications on different frameworks.Python is set apart by its use of nick for readability with stylish codes and has been used in Google cloud and Ubuntu operating system.

C#

C# is a compiled,It is an open requirement, but not often observe on any non Windows platform. C# was imagining as Microsoft's best language in its .NET Framework. It is very similar to Java in both syntax and nature.C# marked as C Sharp, is a multi-paradigm programming language around very important, useful, general, object-oriented and component oriented programming order.

JavaScript

JavaScript is a take to mean, multi example language. And very strange one also Even though it's name, it has nothing at all to do with Java.You will not often, if ever, see this language outside of a web browser. It is mainly a language meant to script behaviors in web browsers and used for things such as web form support and AJAX style web applications. The style in the future appears to be building more and more complex applications in JavaScript, even simple online games and office sets. The success of this leaning will depend winning progress in the speed of a browser's JavaScript forward planner.


Perl

If your plan is to turn into a programmer in text processing and system administration scripting, then appear no more than having hands on skills in Perl. Perl is an old language but still very accepted mostly because programmers in Perl are few. However, a lot of old hand programmers love it and use if every day as their primary language. 10 years ago, Perl was more popular than it is today. Perl has the most complex commands and grammar and if you are going to use it to develop applications you will be certain of the added business in maintenance of applications written in Perl.

Ruby

When the Japanese creator Yukihiro Matsumoto developed Ruby in 1995 from a merge of other languages such as Perl and chat, he never thought Ruby will finally become the most Object Oriented Programming language. Everything in Ruby is an object but maybe the problem of Ruby is that it is a slow language.Ruby is a business oriented language and programmers in Ruby are always in demand. Ruby has be used in development of applications such as Web and blur applications, model, 3D modeling and Robotics.

Fourth-generation languages

High-level languages are languages identify fourth-generation languages (usually cut 4GL). 4GLs are far removed from machine languages and represent the class of computer languages next to human languages.

And we are having some few program languages such as

·         Application and Program development
·         Artificial Intelligence development
·         Database development
·         Game development
·         Computer drivers or other hardware interface development
·         Internet and web page development
Application and Program development

The Internet browser you are with to sight this web page is careful a program. If you are attracted in writing your own programs you should consider the under languages.

·         C
·         C#
·         C++
·         Visual Basic
·         D
·         Java
·         Tcl

Artificial Intelligence development

Artificial Intelligence or connected field could involve anything from creating the character connections in computer games, portions of programs that make the choices in programs. And this language can write robotics language and I am gave some example in below
                                                                                                                             
·         AIML
·         C
·         C#
·         C++
·         Prolog

Database development

Database developers create and keeping databases. And if you want to creating your own database or maintaining other databases you should think any of the under languages.

·         DBASE
·         FoxPro
·         MySQL
·         SQL
·         Visual FoxPro

Game development

if you want to create a game then you should have to consider about programming because they need this language that mean if you want to create a game that is about car game then you want to start engine in car then you cant design. and you must program that so here also using some programming languages such as

    C
    C#
    C++
DarkBASIC
    Java

Computer drivers or other hardware interface development

Computer drivers and programming hardware interface support is a need for computers to work with the hardware; without it your computer won't work. If you're involved in writing your own drivers or software interfaces for hardware devices you should think the below languages.

·         Assembly
·         C

Internet and web page development

The Internet and web page development is the real meaning of the Internet, without developers we would have no Internet. If you want to creating your own web pages, on the increase Internet applications, or Internet linked tasks, you should consider the below languages.

·         HTML
·         HDML
·         Java
·         JavaScript
·         Perl
·         PHP
·         XML

So I am explaining some programming languages and Application and Program development language because that is suitable for me. That is category having java so that is better to create programs so I am selecting for this java language.



Conclusion

So I am here explained some programming languages so I want to select one programming language so I am selecting Java that is best programming language so if we can take lots of advantages and that is user friendly that language is OOP so we can easily make program. And nowadays this is most popular one. And here having strong library’s  and another advantage is we can run any computer that mean we should have JDK then you can run anywhere finally I am selecting for this Java language

b)

Naming convention
Important the naming convention is central because they lead to greater reliability within your code and the code of your teammates, greater regular guide to code that is no difficulty to understand, which means it is simple to develop and to maintain. So, it reduces the in general price of the applications that your make.

Naming Convention in java
This is completely explaining that variable, field, and class etc…Make use of language related to the area. Make use of mixed folder to make names clear. Use less case letter in general, but take advantage of the first letter of class names and border names because the first letter of any non initial word and we can use short forms but carefully. This means you should continue a list of standard short forms, you should choose them cleverly, and you should use them every time. Names with foremost or irregular highlight are usually reserved for system purpose and These used defined names except for preprocessor identify.

Example for this; use names similar to surname, total, or corporate customer. They do not make available any suggestion of what they represent and result in code that is not easy to understand, maintain and improve. if you want to use a short form for the word “Form” then choose one of frm or fm, text which one you want and use only that one.
If your users submit to their customers, then use the word customer for the class, many developers makes the error of creating general conditions for ideas when rightly good terms before now way out in the industry or area.

Naming Conventions in java
Special Java programmers can have different styles by using normal Java naming conventions they make their code simple to read for themselves. Reading of Java code is important on the way to show the point it's meaning talk about that most software company will have a document that outlines the naming conventions they want their programmers to go behind. New programmer who becomes familiar with those rules will be able to understand code written by a programmer and this is less time is spent trying to shape out what the code perform

Example of naming convention In java

For using Name: Java_version we are using under cop
For using number:

package com.rule;

public class Use_proper_naming_convention_for_non_static_fields_violation
{
            public int _value;
            String name; // VIOLATION if the naming convention is set to be "_.+"
}

Member variables:      m_       (m_sName)
Static variables:          s_        (s_hostsList)

Type
Prefix
Example
boolean
b
bRunOnce
char
c
cSeparator
double
d
dDensity
float
f
fDuration
int
n
nCount
long
l
lSuccesses
Object
o
oUnknown
String
s
sFilename
StringBuffer
sb
sbDocument


Selection a Name of recognize
At what time choosing a name for categorize make sure it's important. For example, if your programs agreement with customer accounts then choose names that make brains to dealing with customers and their accounts we can take example that is customer name and account number. Don't be concerned about the length of the name. A longer name that math up the identifier completely is wish to a shorter name that might be quick to type but unclear.

And we are having a many cases such as

1.    Lowercase
2.    Higher case
3.    Camel Case
4.    mix case

Lowercase

Where all the writing in a word are in black and white without any profit 

Example: low case is where all the letters in a word are written without any capitalization (e.g., while, if, my package).

Uppercase: where all the letters in a word are written in capitals. When there are more than two words in the name use underscores to separate them

 (e.g., MAX_HOURS, FIRST_DAY_OF_WEEK).


Camel Case

Somewhere each new word start on with a capital letter

(e.g., CamelCase, CustomerAccount, PlayingCard).

Mix case

The equal as Camel Case but the first letter of the name is in lowercase. That mean we can see one example, employee Name like that.

 (e.g., hasChildren, customerFirstName, customerLastName).

Standard Java Naming Conventions

·         Packages
·         Classes
·         Interfaces
·         Methods
·         Variables

Packages

Names should be in lowercase. With small projects that only have a few packages it's okay to just give them easy

In Software Company and big projects where the packages power be bring in into other classes, the names will usually be subdivided. Normally this will start with the company area before individual split into layers or features


Classes

Names should be in Camel Case. Try to use noun because a class is usually on behalf of something in the real world:

For example; class arm or class amount

Interfaces

Names should be in Camel Case. They be likely to have a name that explains an operation that a class can do.

Methods

Names should be in mixed case. Use verbs to explain what the method complete

Variables

Names should be in mixed case. The names should stand for what the value of the variable represents.

For example; int sum or string name like that coming

Why important for software development?


Desirable characteristics:


Parable structure – your technicians should be able to deconstruct the asset labeling convention for meaning.

Consistent number of characters – Consistency is important for identification. For example, if you pull a list of your assets from the CMMS for asset 1, asset 2 and asset 12 you will get 1,12,2. If you label them asset 01, 02 and 12, your asset list will be in order.

Informational components – adding characters to the name that help identify the asset means your technicians can locate the assets quickly in the CMMS.

Drill down approach – Each component should be a subset of the previous. For example, country, site, building, floor, room…


It is always a good put into practice to use indicative variable names that will support in the documentation of a program. A good convention for variable names can often assist someone in better understanding the operation of a program module or script. You can find out more about Naming conventions and general examples where you can go wrong in the following answer.

Then as a software developer they want to consider about these java case such as

Use cases

1.    Well-chosen naming conventions aid the casual user in navigating larger structures. Several areas where naming conventions are commonly used include:
2.    In computer programming, identifier naming conventions
3.    In the sciences, systematic names for a variety of things
4.    In astronomy, planetary nomenclature
5.    In classics, Roman naming conventions

6.    In industry, product naming conventions